Co-use of Alcohol and Cannabis: A Review PMC

alcohol and weed

Simply put, group activities for substance abuse neither substance should be consumed if you plan on driving, so make sure to have a designated driver take the keys if you’re going to mix the two and get a cross fade going. If weed use does slow down the increase in blood alcohol levels, this may cause people to drink more than usual. In turn, this could increase risky behavior and the likelihood of alcohol poisoning. It’s also important to note that if you regularly use an alcohol and marijuana combination, you’re at a higher risk of developing a dependence on one or both of the substances.

  1. In a 2015 study, 19 participants drank either a placebo or small amount of alcohol.
  2. With driving under the influence for example, blood THC concentrations obtained from drivers may be lower than set limits despite greatly exceeding them while driving.
  3. Marijuana can be consumed in many ways; it can be smoked, vaporized, rubbed on the skin, or added to food.
  4. Occasionally mixing alcohol and weed — also known as crossfading — likely won’t lead to major health problems.

Long-term physical health risks

Alcohol and marijuana are two of the most commonly used substances in the United States, with 17% of Americans stating that they smoke marijuana and 62% of American adults saying that they currently drink alcohol. Used alone and in moderation, these substances can be consumed safely and legally in certain states. However, when mixed together, alcohol and marijuana can create unpleasant side effects. Data from the 2005 and 2010 National Alcohol Survey show that people mixing marijuana and alcohol experienced triple the rate of negative social consequences and double the rate of self-harm than those who just drank.

As the research indicates, people who use both alcohol and weed together tend to consume more of both. The authors of a 2017 review suggest that people who use alcohol and weed together typically consume more of both drugs. This higher intake may increase the risk of dependence on alcohol, weed, or both. Their combined use can cause blackouts, memory loss, and an increased likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors.

alcohol and weed

During separate sessions, participants were administered cannabis (0, 100, or 200 μg/kg) with and without alcohol administration (0.04 g/dl) and subsequently completed actual driving tasks. Cannabis and alcohol alone significantly impaired performance in the driving tasks, and the combination of cannabis and alcohol impaired driving performance to a greater degree. In another study by Ramaekers et al. [69], heavy cannabis users were recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way examination of tolerance and cross-tolerance to the neurocognitive effects of cannabis and alcohol. Subjects completed three alcohol conditions intended to sustain steady blood alcohol concentrations (0, 0.5, and 0.7 mg/ml) over 5 h. Three hours post-alcohol administration onset, participants were administered cannabis (400 μg/kg).

When people drink and smoke marijuana together, alcohol increases the amount of THC that is absorbed into the body. While this means that people who use an alcohol and marijuana combination may report a “higher high,” the lows can also become amplified. When mixing alcohol and edibles, even more caution may be required.

Mixing edibles with alcohol

Using alcohol or marijuana may lead to side effects and risks for the user. Mixing alcohol and marijuana together can intensify certain effects of both, leading to increased health risk and dangers over using either alone. Preclinical and experimental research can be utilized to better understand the complex relationship between the co-use of cannabis and alcohol and related consequences. Furthermore, preclinical studies show that antagonists of the cannabinoid receptors and inhibitors of the enzymatic degradation of endocannabinoids dampen both preference for and overall intake of alcohol [61, 62].

Find Support For Alcohol And Drug Abuse

Another risk of an alcohol and marijuana combination is that you may take too much of either substance. Although using too much marijuana isn’t usually life-threatening, inhalation burns and asthma attacks from smoking cannabis can be deadly. Because alcohol poisoning can be deadly, it is best to seek medical attention to make sure that your symptoms are not due to a dangerous blood alcohol level. Alcohol can dehydrate you quite quickly, and if you haven’t had enough fluids, this can heighten the intoxicating effects of alcohol. Cannabis can also leave you with a dry mouth (“cottonmouth”) and make you feel parched.

Many of the effects of drinking every day can be reversed through early intervention. If you think you’re abusing these or other substances, help is available. Contact us to speak with an intake coordinator who can answer your alcohol and violence statistics questions and help you understand what options may be available to you. If you’re using an alcohol and marijuana combination, you can be more likely to get alcohol poisoning, which can be fatal. At the end of the day, the combined effects of weed and alcohol are unpredictable and often dangerous.

Marijuana impacts areas of the brain responsible for memory, thinking, pleasure and perceiving time and senses. Alcohol is a depressant that affects the entire central nervous system, heavily impacting motor skills, judgment, cognition and memory. “Overall, we did not find support for specific concentrated products increasing the odds of a negative consequence; indeed, our most consistent finding was for using multiple alcohol products and negative consequences,” they wrote. It’s also important to remember that there aren’t many high-quality, long-term studies on weed and its effects.

Those who used alcohol and marijuana were more likely to drive unsafely than those who used alcohol and marijuana separately. They were also more likely to use the substances in a bar or party context, making it more likely that they would have to drive somewhere afterwards. The study authors found that people who felt “stressed, angry, tired, and/or out of control” were more likely stopping duloxetine cold turkey to use both substances at the same time. Combining the two substances also leads to a greater degree of impairment than taking either one on its own. You may put yourself in risky or dangerous situations if you’re drinking or using marijuana, and an alcohol and marijuana combination makes this even more likely. Smoking weed after drinking alcohol may intensify the effects of weed.

alcohol and weed

Participants drank alcohol (placebo or low dose) and inhaled 500 mg vaporized cannabis (placebo, 2.9%, or 6.7% THC) ad libitum for 10 min before completing a driving simulation. An interaction between cannabis and alcohol was observed in time spent at high speed; thus, cannabis may have diminished the propensity to increase driving speed following alcohol consumption. Findings from preclinical research support the existence of potential cross-tolerance between cannabis and alcohol that may have important translational implications for clinical research. With driving under the influence for example, blood THC concentrations obtained from drivers may be lower than set limits despite greatly exceeding them while driving. Further complicating interpretation, blood concentrations during driving cannot be back-extrapolated due to unknown time after cannabis use and individual variability in THC blood concentration trajectories [101]. Therefore, more laboratory research is needed on pharmacokinetic interactions between cannabis and alcohol and performance impairments from co-use.

A craving for alcohol, wanting to cut back but being unable to, having your professional or personal life affected by alcohol, and developing a tolerance to alcohol are all signs of an alcohol use disorder. Marijuana can be consumed in many ways; it can be smoked, vaporized, rubbed on the skin, or added to food. Depending on the method in which marijuana is consumed, the user can start feeling effects within minutes. Both weed and alcohol can carry a potential for misuse and addiction, but this appears to be more common with alcohol. Getting drunk or high can feel similar to some people, while others describe the sensations as very different. Of course, the way you feel when you’re intoxicated also depends on how much of the substance you consume.

They are available 24/7 to provide you with the information, guidance, and support you need, as well as verify your insurance benefits. The appropriate level of care for treatment should be determined on an individual basis, with your doctor. Read on to learn more about the potential reactions and what to do if you have a bad one. If you aren’t careful, the duo can lead to a case of the spins or a green out, two reactions that can turn a fun night out into a nauseated night in.

Remember, consuming weed and alcohol together can make you feel either more or less intoxicated than you would if you were using just one or the other. Adding alcohol to a low dose of THC impaired driving simulator scores by 21 percent. Adding alcohol to a high dose of THC impaired driving simulator scores by 17 percent.

Alcohol and Marijuana: Combined Effects and Risks

alcohol and weed

The researchers state that a critical factor to determine is whether or not the differences between users and non-users were provoked by exposure to alcohol or if these issues were present beforehand. At the same time, CBD can have a relaxing, sedative effect, which could potentially be heightened if taking a depressant like alcohol. Sian Ferguson is a freelance health and cannabis writer based in Cape Town, South Africa.

Other forms of cannabis, including edibles, can also interact with alcohol to cause most of the same risks as smoking cannabis. Edibles are foods that contain marijuana or its active ingredients, such as THC. Research indicates that there is an association between frequent heavy alcohol use and poor mental health, including psychological distress and low life satisfaction. Both weed and alcohol, together and on tom arnold stroke their own, are also potentially addictive and can lead to dependence and misuse. But if you’ve been drinking a lot, it might be hard to tell the difference between a green out and alcohol poisoning, which can be life-threatening if not treated.

Can You Overdose On Alcohol & Marijuana?

If you suspect someone is experiencing alcohol poisoning, call 911 immediately. If you do not have access cymbalta withdrawal timeline to a phone contact Web Poison Control Services for online assistance. Cannabis and alcohol intersect at countless get-togethers – and nights kicking back at home. If you are mixing the two, there are a number of considerations to keep in mind.

What happens when you use weed before drinking?

Using similar methodology, a second study suggested that plasma THC levels were significantly increased when subjects first consumed alcohol [72]. Compared to placebo, the combination of a low cannabis dose (2.53% THC) and low alcohol dose (0.35 g/kg) increased the number and duration of positive subjective effects, and resulted in higher plasma levels of THC. The effects of alcohol and THC were evaluated alone, and in combination, across separate sessions, in a within-subjects, randomized, double-blind design. The authors reported no evidence for synergistic effects of acute combinations of very-low-dose alcohol and THC on subjective or physiologic response, or on cognitive performance.

Potential for misuse

There is a substantial body of research examining the efficacy of pharmacotherapy and behavioral treatments for alcohol [84–88] or cannabis use disorders [78, 89–92]. To date, however, there is little research evaluating the efficacy of interventions specifically for the co-use of cannabis and alcohol. These symptoms can be even more intense if the marijuana is consumed as an edible. When marijuana is baked into or added to food and then eaten, it takes time for the food to digest and for the user to start experiencing effects.

In 1991, only 2 percent of fatal car accidents involved drinking out of boredom drivers impaired by THC and alcohol. In 2008, more than 10 percent of fatal crashes were caused by drivers under the influence of both drugs. Mixing alcohol and marijuana increases a person’s chances of greening out because alcohol increases blood levels of THC, the main active ingredient in marijuana.

  1. “Overall, we did not find support for specific concentrated products increasing the odds of a negative consequence; indeed, our most consistent finding was for using multiple alcohol products and negative consequences,” they wrote.
  2. Ten minutes later, they used a vaporizer to inhale either a low or a high dose of THC.
  3. Plus, they’re unique substances that produce different effects, which makes side-by-side comparisons difficult.
  4. Weed may appear to be safer than alcohol simply because we aren’t yet aware of certain risks.
  5. Remember, consuming weed and alcohol together can make you feel either more or less intoxicated than you would if you were using just one or the other.
  6. This may allow the lungs to absorb more THC when someone smokes marijuana.

This delayed onset may cause the user to consume more than intended, creating a longer, more intense high. In extreme cases of consuming edibles, people have experienced hallucinations, delusions, and other psychotic reactions. Using marijuana before drinking alcohol may make it difficult to gauge how intoxicated the user is from alcohol, potentially leading to dangerous situations like driving under the influence.

Marijuana and alcohol are the two most commonly used drugs in the nation, and people often use the substances together. Individuals who choose to mix the two should keep track of how much alcohol and weed they consume. A 2019 study supports this, finding that those who use alcohol and weed simultaneously are likely to drink more alcohol more frequently. Alcohol is a diuretic, which means that it causes people to produce more urine. Over several hours, this can lead them to become dehydrated, as they lose more fluid than they take in. If you want to mix the two, pay careful attention to how much of each you’re consuming, especially if you’ve never mixed them before.

alcohol and weed

Taken together, alcohol and cannabis can compound these side effects of one another, so it is imperative that you stay hydrated if you are consuming alcohol or cannabis – together or on their own. The way you consume weed can have a big impact on its short- and long-term effects. For example, smoking is rough on your lungs, but this risk doesn’t apply to edibles. Among people who drink alcohol, marijuana is the most frequently used substance alongside alcohol.1 It can be potentially dangerous for individuals to drink alcohol and smoke marijuana at the same time or one after the other.

Someone drinking alcohol may experience slurred speech, distorted vision and hearing, drowsiness, and nausea and vomiting. Alcohol poisoning can also occur, which can be deadly if not treated. Long-term alcohol use can result in heart-related diseases, liver disease, and unintentional injuries. The risk of injuries can be increased when someone chooses to mix alcohol and marijuana.

An interaction between ethanol and THC was observed, however, on ratings of desire to consume more of the administered drug. THC, when combined with ethanol, decreased the elevated ratings of wanting more ethanol after ethanol administration. Consequently, THC may either dampen ethanol’s effects or replace desire for more. More laboratory work is needed to examine how cannabis affects motivation to use alcohol and vice versa. Recent research has employed advanced simulated driving methods to assess the effects of cannabis and alcohol co-use. Hartman and colleagues [70•] investigated the effect of cannabis on driving with and without alcohol on THC blood concentrations in a within-subject study with six conditions.

As with the short-term effects of alcohol and weed, the long-term effects differ from person to person. The short-term effects of weed and alcohol differ from person to person. While it’s not entirely clear why drinking alcohol makes weed more potent, it may be because of the way alcohol affects blood vessels. This may allow the lungs to absorb more THC when someone smokes marijuana. There is limited research available on the long-term effects of consuming alcohol alongside weed, which people also call marijuana or cannabis. Remember, consuming weed after drinking alcohol might make you feel less intoxicated, which can lead you to drink more than you usually would.